REVISTA DYNA ENERGÍA

Key words:

Almacenamiento de energía, captura de carbono, metanación biológica de CO2, metanación catalítica de CO2, metanación química de CO2, power-to-methane, Energy storage, carbon sequestration, renewable energy, biological CO2 methanation, catalytic CO2 methanation, chemical CO2 methanation, power-to-methane.

Article type:

ARTICULO DE INVESTIGACION / RESEARCH ARTICLE

Section:

RESEARCH ARTICLES

ABSTRACT:
The sustainable valorization of CO2 into higher value products is of great interest in a society where the use of fossil fuels and global warming generate important environmental concern. As a promising alternative fuel for different processes, methane is more valuable than CO2 and can be used directly in existing infrastructure, facilitating the transition to a low carbon economy. This document provides a review of the latest studies on methanation, a multi-stage process where hydrogen is obtained in an electrolyzer from water and,subsequently reacts with carbon dioxide to produce methane. The present and future of the most common water electrolysis technologies are addressed. Critical problems to be considered when selecting a source of CO2 are evaluated. Chemical and biological approaches are discussed, along with photocatalytic configurations, analyzing the pros and cons in all cases. Finally, the process costs are analyzed, highlighting the economic perspectives of power-to-methane technologies for the next decades.

Keywords: Energy storage, carbon sequestration, renewable energy, biological CO2 methanation, catalytic CO2 methanation, chemical CO2 methanation, power-to-methane.